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Multilingual Foodscape in Honolulu Chinatown: Multilingualism in Restaurants

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In my fieldwork, I noticed that a Chinese noodle shop put Chinese characters on its shopfront. The restaurateur is a non-Chinese heritage speaker but is interested in Chinese cuisine and incorporates Chinese elements (Figure 1 and Figure 2) on the shopfront to signify the cultural heritage of this type of cuisine.  is the character for the noodle ( 面,Mandarin pronunciation:  biángbiángmiàn ). This character is pasted on the window of the shopfront (Figure 2). This noodle dish has another name, 油泼扯面 ( yóupō chěmiàn ), which is also displayed on the window of the shopfront (Figure 1). Additionally, the English name of the restaurant includes the Pinyin (the romanized spelling of the Mandarin pronunciation), "youpo" (Figure 2). For this case, the signs that incorporate Chinese language elements (including Chinese characters and pinyin) used on the shopfront of this restaurant, owned and managed by a non-Chinese-heritage restaurateur,  index multilingualism  within a f...

Multilingual Foodscape in Honolulu Chinatown: Variations in Food Names: Language Contact and Lexical Borrowing

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In my fieldwork, I noticed variations in food names for certain dishes. For example, 叉烧包 (Mandarin pronunciation: chāshāobāo; Cantonese pronunciation: char siu bao; meaning: BBQ pork bun) is a common dish in many Cantonese dim sum restaurants in Hawaii. However, its name varies in the English versions of menus. Some restaurants refer to it as "bun", while others call it "manapua", a Hawaiian word meaning "pork bun". For BBQ pork, some English menus retain the Cantonese pronunciation "char siu" (Figure 2), while others use "BBQ pork" based on its meaning (Figure 1).  Lexical borrowings and language contact are also observed in other food names. For one type of Chinese sausage, 腊肠 (Mandarin pronunciation: làcháng; Cantonese pronunciation: lap6 cheong1), the English menu of a bakery uses the transliteration of the Cantonese pronunciation, rendering it as "Lup Chong" (Figure 2). Figure 1. Menu of One Dim Restaurant  Figure 2. Menu...

Multilingual Foodscape in Honolulu Chinatown: Bilingual Menu and English Explanation of Ethnic Cuisine

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Foodscape is a microcosm of language and culture within society. I am working on my research project on the food, language and culture. During my fieldwork in Honolulu's Chinatown, I found that the foodscape there reflects the rich multilingualism and multiculturalism of Hawaii. Some ethnic restaurants provide bilingual menus and specifically include English explanations for their ethnic cuisines. For example, the shop sign of this restaurant displays both a romanized name and Chinese characters. The Chinese name is 黔香阁 ( Qiánxiānggé ), where 黔 ( Qián ) refers to Guizhou ( 贵州 , Guìzhōu ), a province in China; 香 ( Xiāng ) means "fragrance" or "pleasant food aroma," and 阁 ( Gé ) means "a place." The romanized name, " DAJI ," does not directly correspond to the Chinese pronunciation (Figure 1).  On the windows of their shopfront, they display an English-Chinese menu (Figure 2 and Figure 3). Interestingly, they specifically provide an Engli...

Welcome to my page!

  Hello! Welcome to my blog.  I am a Ph.D. student in Chinese Linguistics with a passion for exploring languages. Mandarin is my first language, and I use English in my work and studies. I also have experience learning Cantonese and Japanese. In this blog, I will share my observations and ideas related to my research interests, including multilingual and multicultural development, sociolinguistics, and Chinese linguistics You are welcome to share your thoughts on topics that interest you.  Thank you! Mahalo! 谢谢/謝謝!